Most Global Climate Models (GCMs) overestimate precipitation in western North America, especially in winter, limiting confidence in the mechanisms controlling precipitation in this region and how its climate may change in the future. We assess the …
Heat stress limits for human survivability have been previously defined by a 6-hour exposure to a wet-bulb temperature of 35oC. However, the recently developed physiology-based HEAT-Lim model demonstrates that environmental heat stress thresholds may …
Localized tropical rainfall changes commonly occur on 500-1,000 km scales under various climate forcings, but understanding
their causality remains challenging. One helpful process-oriented diagnostic (POD) decomposes the effects of undilute buoyancy …
Rising temperatures under climate change threaten athlete safety at the Summer Olympics due to increasing heat stress likelihoods. For outdoor sports, suspending activity (i.e. rescheduling or cancelling) is the only possible intervention for …
Understanding and predicting heatwave risk is a societal imperative in the face of climate change. Anthropogenic aerosol emissions impact heat extremes more strongly per unit of mean warming than do greenhouse gases, but the influence of aerosols’ …
Earth’s surface is sculpted by numerous processes that move sediment, ranging from gradual and benign to abrupt and catastrophic. Although infrequent, high-magnitude sediment mobilization events can be hazardous to people and infrastructure, leaving …
Overly smooth topography in general circulation models (GCMs) underestimates the blocking effect of the steep mountain ranges flanking the eastern Pacific. We explore the impact of this bias on common biases in Pacific climate simulation [i.e., the …
Extreme heat threatens human life, evidenced by textgreater260,000 heat-related fatalities collectively in the deadliest events since 2000. In this Review, we link physical climate science with heat mortality risk, including crossings of …
Topography affects the distribution and movement of water on Earth, yet new insights about topographic controls continue to surprise us and exciting puzzles remain. Here we combine literature review and data synthesis to explore the influence of …